Caldwell received his DVM from Auburn University and is currently an associate professor in Equine Sports Medicine and Surgery in the JT Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital. He is a board-certified diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons and the American College of Veterinary Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation.

His current work involves the development of a novel desmitis/tendonitis model in the horse using a diode laser with a minimally invasive approach to the ligament or tendon. The goal is to successfully validate this model and utilize it to evaluate regenerative medicine techniques such as mesenchymal stem cells and autologous conditioned serum therapy in horses.